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Beschreibung:
Endoplasmic reticulum proteins (ERps) are widely expressed proteins and localize to the ER. ERp19, ERp29, ERp46, ERp57 and ERp72 may act as proteases, protein disulfide isomerases, thiol-disulfide oxidases, phospholipases or a combination of these. ERp19, also designated thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 (TXNDC12), and ERp46, also designated thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5), belong to the thioredoxin superfamily and contain a thioredoxin fold with a consensus active-site sequence (CxxC). Both ERp19 and ERp46 are widely expressed ER luminal proteins that are most abundant in the liver and are enriched in purified liver ER vesicles. ERp19 shows significant protein thiol-disulfide oxidase activity in vitro, which is dependent on the presence of both active-site cysteines.
Beschreibung:
Many growth factors function by binding receptors with intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity (1,2). Signaling by such receptors involves a series of intermediates characterized by SH2 domains that bind tyrosine phosphorylated receptors by a direct interaction between the SH2 domain and the phosphotyrosine-containing receptor sequences (3,4). GRB7, a SH2 domain protein, has a single SH2 domain at its C-terminal, a central region with similarity to Ras GAP and a proline-rich N-terminus (5,6). GRB7 maps to the region on mouse chromosome 11 containing the Neu gene (6). This region of mouse chromosome 11 is syntenic to an area of human chromosome 17q that is frequently amplified in breast cancer (6,7). Moreover, GRB7 is amplified and over-expressed in breast cancer and is found in a complex with Neu gp185 (6).
Beschreibung:
eIF3K (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit K, Muscle-specific gene M9 protein) is a widely expressed translation initiation factor that belongs to the eIF3 subunit K family. Translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is a multisubunit complex containing at least 12 subunits. eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit, promotes the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA, and interacts with several other initiation factors to form the 40S initiation complex. eIF3K is the smallest subunit of eIF3 and it interacts with several other subunits of eIF3 and the 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF3K is conserved among high eukaryotes, including mammals, insects, and plants, and it is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. eIF3K is distributed both in nucleus and cytoplasm and colocalizes with cyclin D3, a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4).
Beschreibung:
Modulation of the chromatin structure plays an important role in the regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. The N-terminal tail of core histones undergoes different posttranslational modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation. These modifications occur in response to cell signal stimuli and have a direct effect on gene expression. In most species, the histone H2B is primarily acetylated at lysines 5, 12, 15 and 20. Histone H3 is primarily acetylated at lysines 9, 14, 18 and 23. Acetylation at lysine 9 appears to have a dominant role in histone deposition and chromatin assembly in some organisms. Phosphorylation at Ser10 of histone H3 is tightly correlated with chromosome condensation during both mitosis and meiosis.
Beschreibung:
eIF3K (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit K, Muscle-specific gene M9 protein) is a widely expressed translation initiation factor that belongs to the eIF3 subunit K family. Translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is a multisubunit complex containing at least 12 subunits. eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit, promotes the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA, and interacts with several other initiation factors to form the 40S initiation complex. eIF3K is the smallest subunit of eIF3 and it interacts with several other subunits of eIF3 and the 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF3K is conserved among high eukaryotes, including mammals, insects, and plants, and it is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. eIF3K is distributed both in nucleus and cytoplasm and colocalizes with cyclin D3, a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4).
Beschreibung:
Recognizes a protein of 42-46 kDa, identified as MAGE-1. This MAb does not cross-react with MAGE-2, -3, -4, -6 -9, -10, -or -12 protein. Human malignant neoplasms carry rejection antigens that are recognized by the patients' autologous, tumor directed and specific, cytolytic, CD8 T lymphocyte clones (CTL). The MAGE family of genes codes an important group of antigens. It was identified that melanomas and primary glial brain tumors express common melanoma associated antigens (MAAs). Because MAGE-1 is expressed on a significant proportion of human neoplasms of various histological types (melanoma, brain tumors of glial origin, neuroblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer, breast, gastric, colorectal, ovarian, renal cell carcinomas) and not on normal tissues, the encoded antigen may serve as a marker of early detection and target for cancer immunotherapy.
Beschreibung:
β2 microglobulin is a 12 kDa protein with a pI of 5.6. Serum β2 microglobulin levels are a reflection of cell turnover. Levels rise with fever, inflammation, and infection. Increased serum levels are also seen in B-cell malignancies and in renal failure and may indicate a worse prognosis for patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. In urine, increased levels are seen in proximal renal tubular disease as well as renal transplant rejection. β2 microglobulin levels can rise either because its rate of synthesis has increased (e.g. in AIDS, malignant monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia, solid tumours and autoimmune disease) or because of impaired renal filtration (e.g. due to renal insufficiency, graft rejection or nephrotoxicity induced by post-transplantation immunosuppressive therapy).
Beschreibung:
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to a small class of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. PTPs are cell signaling molecules that play regulatory roles in a variety of cellular processes. PTPs in this class contain a protein tyrosine phosphatase catalytic domain and a characteristic C-terminal prenylation motif. This PTP has been shown to primarily associate with plasmic and endosomal membrane through its C-terminal prenylation. This PTP was found to interact with the beta-subunit of Rab geranylgeranyltransferase II (beta GGT II), and thus may function as a regulator of GGT II activity. Overexpression of this gene in mammalian cells conferred a transformed phenotype, which suggested its role in tumorigenesis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described. Related pseudogenes exist on chromosomes 11, 12 and 17.
Beschreibung:
eIF3K (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit K, Muscle-specific gene M9 protein) is a widely expressed translation initiation factor that belongs to the eIF3 subunit K family. Translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3) is a multisubunit complex containing at least 12 subunits. eIF3 binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit, promotes the binding of methionyl-tRNAi and mRNA, and interacts with several other initiation factors to form the 40S initiation complex. eIF3K is the smallest subunit of eIF3 and it interacts with several other subunits of eIF3 and the 40S ribosomal subunit. eIF3K is conserved among high eukaryotes, including mammals, insects, and plants, and it is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. eIF3K is distributed both in nucleus and cytoplasm and colocalizes with cyclin D3, a regulatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4).
Beschreibung:
NEEP21, also known as Brain neuron cytoplasmic protein 1, NSG1 (neuron-specific proteins family member 1), P21 or D4S234E, is a single pass type II membrane protein belonging to the NSG family. It is highly expressed during neuronal maturation but its expression is downregulated in adult tissues. NEEP21 predominantly localizes to Rab 4-positive early endosomes in the somatodendritic neuronal compartment and is essential for proper receptor sorting and recycling in neurons. It associates with GRIP1 and GluR-2 and mediates the surface expression of GluR-2. When this interaction is interrupted, GluR-2 accumulates in early endosomes and leads to changes in evoked synaptic current properties. In addition, NEEP21 forms a complex with the SNARE protein, Syntaxin 13 (also known as Syntaxin 12), and participates in the recycling of transferrin receptors (TFRs) and NTR2 (neurotensin receptor 2).
Beschreibung:
Recognizes a protein of 12 kDa, identified as β-microglobulin. β-microglobulin non-covalently associates with the 44 kDa chain to form the HLA Class I antigen complex. Human β-2 microglobulin associated with HLA Class I antigens is expressed on many types of cells including lymphocytes, thymocytes, monocytes, granulocytes, platelets, endothelial cells, and epithelial cells. It is absent on erythrocytes. This MAb is specific to human β-2 microglobulin and does not react with non-human primate cells. This antibody reacts with all cell types excluding erythrocytes. The detection of β-2 microglobulin in body fluids has been used as a tumor marker and for monitoring patients with HIV infection.
Beschreibung:
Das Milli-Q® SQ 200-Wasseraufbereitungssystem liefert Reinstwasser (Typ 1) aus dem 3,5-L-Tank SQ Switch, der mit reinem Umkehrosmosewasser (RO) gefüllt ist. Es verfügt über einen flexiblen Handspender zur Abgabe von Reinstwasser. Dieses Abgabemodul muss mit einer Reinstwasser-Produktionsstation der Milli-Q® SQ 2Series-Familie verbunden werden, um seinen mobilen SQ Switch-Tank nachzufüllen.
Beschreibung:
Neuroligins are a family of plasma membrane proteins that possess an N-terminal hydrophobic domain, a large esterase homology domain, a single transmembrane region, a short cytoplasmic domain, and an EF-hand binding domain (1,2). Members of the neuroligin family include Neuroligin 1, Neuroligin 2 and Neuroligin 3. Neuroligins are expressed in excitatory neuronal synaptic clefts. Neuroligins play a role in the formation and remodeling of CNS synapses by binding to b-neurexins, a family of neuronal cell surface proteins. Neuroexin 1b binds to the EF-hand domain of Neuroligin 1 and requires calcium ion. Neuroligins also bind to PSD-95, which may recruit ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors to the synapses.
Beschreibung:
The smallest of the human chromosomes, 21 makes up about 1.5% of the human genome. Chromosome 21 contains nearly 300 genes and 47 million base pairs. Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is the disease most commonly associated with chromosome 21. Alzheimer's disease, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are also associated with chromosome 21. Translocations are found to occur between chromosome 21 and 8, and chromosome 21 and 12, in certain leukemias. C21orf59, also known as C21orf48, is a 290 amino acid protein and its gene product has been provisionally designated C21orf59 pending further characterization.
Beschreibung:
The Annexins constitute a family of structurally-related, relatively abundant proteins that exhibit Ca²⁺ dependent binding to phospholipids. Annexins function in multiple aspects of cell biology including regulation of membrane trafficking, transmembrane channel activity, inhibition of phospholipase A2, inhibition of coagulation and mediation of cell-matrix interactions. Annexin A13 is considered the original progenitor of the 12 members of vertebrate Annexins. The expression of Annexin A13 is highly tissue-specific, being expressed only in intestinal and kidney epithelial cells. This expression is associated with a highly differentiated intracellular transport function. Two alternative splicing isoforms of Annexin A13 exist, both of which bind to rafts.
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